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Table 4 Risk factors for amputation within 3 months in patients with open tibial fracture

From: Lower extremity soft tissue reconstruction and amputation rates in patients with open tibial fractures in Sweden during 1998–2010

  

Crude

 

Adjusted

 
  

OR

95% CI

p

OR

95% CI

p

Sex

Men

1.0

ref

 

1.0

ref

 
 

Women

0.9

0.5-1.6

0.78

0.5

0.3-1.0

0.050

Age-group

15-60

1.0

ref

 

1.0

ref

 
 

61-70

1.4

0.6-2.9

0.45

1.6

0.6-3.5

0.27

 

71-80

2.0

0.8-4.4

0.09

2.3

0.9-5.2

0.05

 

≥81

5.8

2.9-10.7

<0.001

7.2

3.3-15.2

<0.001

Flap

No

1.0

ref

 

1.0

ref

 
 

Yes

2.8

1.4-5.0

0.001

3.0

1.5-5.6

0.001

Mechanism of injury Energy

Low

1.0

ref

 

1.0

ref

 
 

High

1.2

0.7-1.9

0.58

1.3

0.8-2.3

0.32

Fixation method

Nail

1.0

ref

 

1.0

ref

 
 

Plate

5.1

1.1-25.8

0.034

4.4

1.0-22.6

0.055

 

Closed reduction

14.4

3.5-70.6

<0.001

12.1

2.9-60.3

<0.001

 

External fixation

10.0

2.8-46.5

<0.001

6.6

1.8-31.3

<0.001

 

Combination

6.2

2.0-27.4

0.0047

4.5

1.4-20.0

0.022

 

Miscellaneous

12.9

4.6-53.8

<0.001

10.0

3.5-42.0

<0.001

  1. CI = confidence interval, ref = reference value, adjusted for age, sex, reconstructive surgery, mechanism of injury and fixation method.