Table 4 Comparison of clinical and perioperative outcomes by robotic-assisted TMEa
Study | Country (year) | Operation type | Sample size | Lower rectum (%) | Preoperative CCRTb (%) | Conversion Rate (%) | Estimated blood loss (mL) | Overall complications (%) | Anastomostic leakage (%) | Rate of sphincter preservation (%) | DRMc (cm) | Positive CRMd (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present study (Huang et al.) | Taiwan (2017) | Totally robotic (single-docking)g | 95([y]p Stage 0-III) | 50.5 | 78.9 | 0 | 80 (15–1050) | 17.69 | 5.4 | 95.8 | 2.3 (0.2–6.5.) | 2.1 |
Baek et al. [11] | Korea (2011) | Hybrid | 41 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | 36.6e | 80.5 | 7.3 | 200 (20–2000) | 22.0 | 7.3 | 85.4 | 3.6 (0.4–10) | 2.4 |
Park et al. [12] | Korea (2011) | Hybrid | 52 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | 60.4f | 23.1 | 0 | NA | 19.2 | 9.6 | 100 | 2.8 | 1.9 |
Hellan et al. [14] | USA (2015) | Totally robotic or Hybrid | 425 ([y]p Stage I-IV) | 31.3 | 51.3 | 5.9 | 119 ± 164 | 40.2 | 8.7 | NA | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 0.9 |
Ahmed et al. [15] | UK (2016) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 83 | NA | 21.7 | 0 | 10 (0–200) | 49 | 2 | 88.0 | 2.7 (0.4–8.0) | 3.6 |
Hellan et al. [22] | USA (2007) | Hybrid | 39 ([y]p Stage I-IV) | 53.9f | 84.6 | 2.6 | 200 (25–6000) |  | 12.1 | 84.6 | 2.65 (0.4–7.5) | 0 |
Luca et al. [24] | Italy (2009) | Totally robotic (single-docking)g | 28 ([y]p Stage I-IV) | NA | 0 | 0 | 68 ± 138 (0–600) | NA | NA | 75.0 | 2.5 ± 1.3 (0.6–5.5) | 0 |
Kim et al. [28] | Korea (2016) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 33 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | NA | 100 | 6.1 | 232.0 ± 180.0 | 45.6 | NA | 93.9 | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 16.1 |
Saklani et al. [29] | Korea (2013) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 74 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | NA | 100 | 1.4 | 180 ± 28.1 (0–1100) | 16.2 | 5.4 | 97.3 | 1.7 ± 1.4 (0.1–6.0) | 4 |
Pai et al. [35] | USA (2015) | Dual docking or Hybrid | 101 ([y]p Stage 0-IV) | 28.7 | 74.3 | 4 | 190 ± 128 | 28.7 | 6.3 | 79.2 | 3.5 ± 2.7 (0.1–16.3) | 5 |
Kim et al. [36] | Korea (2016) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 60 ([y]p Stage 0-IV) | 56.7e | 36.7 | 0 | 74.2 ± 50 | 15 | 5 | 93.4 | 3.1 ± 1.7 | 11.7 |
Feroci et al. [37] | Italy (2016) | Totally robotic (single-docking)g | 53 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | NA | 49.1 | 3.8 | 60.8 (0–400) | 26.4 | 5.7 | 100 | 2.5 (0.5–10) | 0 |
Cho et al. [38] | Korea (2012) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 278 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | 24.8 | 32.7 | 0.4 | 179.0 ± 236.5 | 25.9 | 10.4 | 100 | 2.0 ± 1.4 | 5.0 |
Yamaguchi et al. [39] | Japan (2016) | Totally robotic (single-docking)g | 203 ([y]p Stage 0-IV) | 60.1f | 0.5 | 0 | 15.4 ± 26.4 | 9 | 1.5 | 95.1 | 2.8 ± 1.9 | NA |
Park et al. [40] | Korea (2015) | Hybrid | 133 ([y]p Stage I-III) | 24.8 | 11.3 | 0 | 77.6 ± 153.2 (0–700) | 19.7 | 4.5 | 100 | 2.75 ± 2.14 (1–14) | 6.8 |
Ghezzi et al. [41] | Brazil/Italy (2014) | Totally robotic (single-docking)g | 65 ([y]p Stage 0-III) | 100f | 72.3 | 1.5 | 0 (0–175) | 41.5 | 7.1 | 86.2 | 2.7 (1.6–4.4) | 0 |
Ramji et al. [42] | Canada (2016) | Hybrid | 26 | NA | 58 | 12 | 296 ± 155 | 42 | 8 | 85 | 2.96 ± 2.05 | 0 |
Hara et al. [43] | Korea (2014) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 200 ([y]p Stage 0-IV) | 56.5 | 27.5 | 0 | 190 (0–1500) | 38.5 | 9.5 | 93.5 | 1.8 (0–22.0) | 1.5 |
Bail et al. [44] | Korea (2013) | Totally robotic (single-docking)h | 370 ([y]p Stage 0-IV) | 26.8 | 21.1 | 0.8 | 245.7 ± 222.1 (10.0–1300.0) | 24.6 | 7.7 | 99.2 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 6.9 |