Table 4 Univariate analysis of risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients who exceed extended indications for endoscopic early gastric cancer treatment
From: Safety of expanded criteria for endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer in a Western cohort
|  | LNM- (n = 97) | LNM+ (n = 42) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 64.6 ± 12.6 | 66.4 ± 12.8 | 0.441 |
Gender | |||
 Male | 53 (54.6%) | 18 (42.9%) | 0.268 |
 Female | 44 (45.4%) | 24 (57.1%) | |
Histology | |||
 Differentiated | 39 (40.2%) | 13 (31.0%) | 0.344 |
 Undifferentiated | 58 (59.8%) | 29 (69.0%) | |
Lauren classification | |||
 Intestinal | 50 (51.6%) | 18 (42.9%) | 0.553 |
 Mix | 11 (11.3%) | 7 (16.7%) | |
 Diffuse | 36 (37.1%) | 17 (40.4%) | |
Tumor invasion | |||
 Mucosal | 30 (30.9%) | 4 (9.5%) | 0.009 |
 Submucosal | 67 (69.1%) | 38 (90.5%) | |
Ulceration | |||
 UL+ | 50 (51.6%) | 20 (47.6%) | 0.670 |
 UL- | 47 (48.4%) | 22 (52.4%) | |
Lymphovascular invasion | |||
 LV+ | 12 (12.4%) | 19 (45.2%) | 0.001 |
 LV- | 85 (87.6%) | 23 (54.8%) | |
Tumor size | |||
  < 2 cm | 30 (30.9%) | 11 (26.2%) | 0.319 |
 2–3 cm | 31 (32.0%) | 19 (45.2%) | |
  > 3 cm | 36 (37.1%) | 12 (28.6%) | |