Period 1 | Period 2 | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
n | 256 | 495 | < 0.01 |
Sex Ratio (M/F) | 1.11 | 1.02 | 0.58 |
Median Age (range) | 67 (32–85) | 65 (25–86) | 0.19 |
Mean BMI (±SD) | 25.3 (±4.64) | 24.4 (±4.1) | 0.01 |
Biliary Stenting (%) | 118 (46) | 300 (61) | < 0.001 |
Work up Imaging (%) | |||
CT-scan | 224 (100) | 527 (100) | 1 |
Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 35 (14) | 372 (75) | < 0.001 |
Positron Emission Tomography | 7 (2.7) | 62 (13) | < 0.001 |
Median delay CT-Surgery (days) (range) | 21 (1–55) | 16 (1–48) | < 0.001 |
Mean CA 19–9 serum level* (UI) (±SD) (after jaundice resolution) | 552 (±937) | 552 (±1275) | 1 |
Explorative Laparoscopy (%) | 23 (9) | 59 (12) | 0.27 |
Neoadjuvant Treatment (%) | 118 (46) | 219 (44) | 0.64 |
Type of Surgery (%) | |||
Exploration without Resection | 61 (24) | 123 (25) | 0.79 |
Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 152 (59) | 232 (47) | 0.001 |
Distal Pancreatectomy | 35 (14) | 111 (22) | 0.005 |
Total Pancreatectomy | 8 (3) | 29 (6) | 0.11 |
Venous Resection | 36 (14) | 123 (25) | < 0.001 |
Arterial Resection | 0 | 19 (4) | < 0.001 |
En-bloc Resection of Neighbours Organs | 16 (6) | 27 (5) | 0.74 |
Reason of Non-resection (%) | |||
Carcinomatosis | 15 (6) | 20 (4) | 0.28 |
Liver Metastasis | 12 (5) | 37 (7) | 0.16 |
Vascular Invasion | 33 (13) | 42 (8) | 0.07 |
Total | 60 (23) | 99 (20) | 0.3 |
Distant Lymph Node Invasion | 1 (0.4) | 24 (5) | < 0.001 |
Mean Size of Extra Pancreatic Metastasis (mm) (±SD) | 7.9 (±5.2) | 6.4 (±3.9) | < 0.01 |
Morbidity (%)(resected patients) | 195 | 372 | |
Overall / Grades 3 to 5 | 93 (48) / 28 (14) | 186 (35) / 57 (15) | 0.66 / 0.3 |
Hemorrhage | 22 (11) | 25 (11) | 0.08 |
Clinically Revelant Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula | 37 (19) | 71 (13) | 0.99 |
Reintervention | 18 (9) | 25 (4.7) | 0.31 |
30- / 90-days Mortality (%)(resected patients) | 11 (5.6) / 16 (8.2) | 13 (3.5) / 14 (3.8) | 0.27 / 0.03 |
Pathologic Findings (resected patients) | |||
T1/2 (%) | 71 (36) | 134 (36) | 0.74 |
T3/4 (%) | 124 (64) | 238 (64) | 0.93 |
Median Number of Examined Lymph Nodes (range) | 10 (2–23) | 15 (4–44) | < 0.01 |
N+ (%) | 99 (51) | 230 (62) | 0.01 |
R1 (%) | 81 (42) | 177 (48) | 0.18 |
Perineural Invasion (%) | 122 (63) | 263 (71) | 0.06 |
Adjuvant Treatment (%)(resected patients) | 91 (47) | 261 (70) | < 0.001 |