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  1. Pilonidal sinus is a common health problem. The current study aimed to compare the impact of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with that of minimally invasive techniques in terms of pain reduction, return ...

    Authors: Can Yahya Boztug, Tulay Karaagac Akyol, Cigdem Benlice, Mehmet Ali Koc, Beyza Doganay Erdogan, Osman Ilhami Ozcebe, Mehmet Ayhan Kuzu and Cihangir Akyol

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:373

    Content type: Research

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  2. Contrary to adult inguinal hernia surgery, large-scale investigations using registries or administrative data are missing in paediatric surgery. We aimed to fill this gap by analysing German administrative hos...

    Authors: Andreas Heydweiller, Ralf Kurz, Arne Schröder and Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:372

    Content type: Research

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  3. Modified radical mastectomy is the procedure of choice in centers with little to no radiotherapy services. Studying the in-hospital outcome and complications associated with the procedure is important in low-i...

    Authors: Giziew Bawoke, Segni Kejela, Abebe Alemayehu and Girmaye Tamirat Bogale

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:371

    Content type: Research

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  4. Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common healthcare-associated infection, and gastrointestinal surgery is frequently followed by a high incidence of SSI. Epidemiological analysis of the temporal tren...

    Authors: Tomoko Takahashi and Hiroshi Nishiura

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:370

    Content type: Research

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  5. Determining the modifiable risk factors for postoperative complications is particularly significant in patients undergoing colorectal surgery since those are associated with worse long-term outcomes.

    Authors: B. Balci, G. Kilinc, B. Calik and C. Aydin

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:369

    Content type: Research

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  6. Primary lung acinic cell carcinoma is very rare. Here we report a young female patient who suffered the largest primary lung acinic cell carcinoma with severe mediastinal deviation which has never been reporte...

    Authors: Xueyu Chen, Yajie Zhang, Fangxiu Luo and Hecheng Li

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:368

    Content type: Case report

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  7. Jejunal feeding is an invaluable method by which to improve the nutritional status of patients undergoing neoadjuvant and surgical treatment of oesophageal malignancies. However, the insertion of a feeding jej...

    Authors: Sotiris Mastoridis, Giada Bracalente, Christine-Bianca Hanganu, Michela Neccia, Antonio Giuliani, Richard Gillies, Robert Marshall, Nicholas Maynard and Bruno Sgromo

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:367

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication following splenectomy. It affects between 5 and 55% of patients undergoing surgery with no clearly defined pre-operative risk factors. The aim of this stud...

    Authors: Guillaume Péré, Hubert Basselerie, Charlotte Maulat, Armando Pitocco, Pierrick Leblanc, Antoine Philis, Charles Henri Julio, Géraud Tuyeras, Etienne Buscail and Nicolas Carrere

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:366

    Content type: Research

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  9. Umbilical hernia repair, despite its perceived simplicity, is associated with recurrence between 2.7 and 27%, in mesh repair and non mesh repair respectively. Many factors are recognized contributors to recurr...

    Authors: Jennifer Mannion, Mohamed Khalid Hamed, Ritu Negi, Alison Johnston, Magda Bucholc and Michael Sugrue

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:365

    Content type: Research

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  11. Robot-assisted surgery is being increasingly adopted in treating colorectal cancer, and the transition from laparoscopic surgery to robot-assisted surgery is a trend. The evidence of the benefits of robot-assi...

    Authors: Pedja Cuk, Andreas Kristian Pedersen, Kate Lykke Lambertsen, Christian Backer Mogensen, Michael Festersen Nielsen, Per Helligsø, Ismail Gögenur and Mark Bremholm Ellebæk

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:363

    Content type: Study protocol

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  12. Laparoscopic transgastric necrosectomy (LTGN) has been used in treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON) for more than a decade. However, the safety and effectiveness of LTGN for WON with sinistral por...

    Authors: Feng Cao, Ang Li, Xiaohui Wang, Chongchong Gao, Jia Li and Fei Li

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:362

    Content type: Research

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  13. Although the traditional bilateral surgical approach to treat hiatal hernia (HH) with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can provide local protection of the vagus nerve, the integrity of the entire vagus n...

    Authors: Zhi Zheng, Xiaoye Liu, Chenglin Xin, Weitao Zhang, Yan Gao, Na Zeng, Mengyi Li, Jun Cai, Fandong Meng, Dong Liu, Jie Zhang, Jie Yin, Jun Zhang and Zhongtao Zhang

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:361

    Content type: Research article

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  14. To evaluate the survival rate of porous tantalum rod implantation in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), evaluate its clinical effect and imaging results.

    Authors: Yu Zhang, Wang Chen, Zhi Yang, Jian-Ning Sun, Zheng-Hao Hu, Zi-Jian Hua, Xiang-Yang Chen and Shuo Feng

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:360

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Lymph node dissection (LND) is of great significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Although the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend routine LND in ICC, the effects of ...

    Authors: Hanjie Hu, Gang Xu, Shunda Du, Zhiwen Luo, Hong Zhao and Jianqiang Cai

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:359

    Content type: Research

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  16. The WALANT (wide-awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet) technique was based on local infiltration of lidocaine and epinephrine. This technique has rapidly gained popularity in recent years and can perform ...

    Authors: Yen-Chang Lin, Wei-Chieh Chen, Chun-Yu Chen and Shyh-Ming Kuo

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:358

    Content type: Research

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  17. Hand injury is commonly associated with multiple soft tissue defects. Polyfoliate flaps grafting is the optimal approach for multiple wounds.The feasibility of clinical using of free thoracodorsal artery polyf...

    Authors: Wenquan Ding, Jianbo Xue, Yingling Zhou, Lingfeng He and Xiaofeng Wang

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:357

    Content type: Research

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  18. Acute pancreatitis after liver resection is a rare but serious complication, and few cases have been described in the literature. Extended lymphadenectomy, and long ischemia due to the Pringle maneuver could b...

    Authors: Sophie Chopinet, Emilie Bollon, Jean-François Hak, Laurent Reydellet, Valéry Blasco, Farouk Tradi, Guillaume Louis, Emilie Grégoire and Jean Hardwigsen

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:356

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Robotic surgery has been taken as a new modality to surpass the technical limitations of conventional surgery. Here we aim to compare the oncologic outcomes of patients with rectal cancer receiving robotic vs....

    Authors: Xiong Lei, Lingling Yang, Zhixiang Huang, Haoran Shi, Zhen Zhou, Cheng Tang and Taiyuan Li

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:355

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Patients with prolonged and intense neutrophilia after spinal surgery are at high risk of developing surgical site infection (SSI). To date, there is no standard method for the objective assessment of the inte...

    Authors: Hiroyuki Inose, Yutaka Kobayashi, Shingo Morishita, Yu Matsukura, Masato Yuasa, Takashi Hirai, Toshitaka Yoshii and Atsushi Okawa

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:354

    Content type: Research

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  21. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high-life time risk undergoing abdominal surgery and are prone to develop incisional hernias (IH) in the postoperative course. Therefore, we investigated t...

    Authors: Daniel Heise, Charles Schram, Roman Eickhoff, Jan Bednarsch, Marius Helmedag, Sophia M. Schmitz, Andreas Kroh, Christian Daniel Klink, Ulf Peter Neumann and Andreas Lambertz

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:353

    Content type: Research

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  22. Thyroid surgery, performed for benign or malignant pathologies, is one of the most frequently performed procedures and its frequency has even been increasing in recent years. Postoperative bleeding, recurrent ...

    Authors: Paolo Del Rio, Paolo Carcoforo, Fabio Medas, Elena Bonati, Tommaso Loderer, Margherita Koleva Radica and Piergiorgio Calò

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:352

    Content type: Research

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  23. Uncertain nutritional outcomes following common metabolic surgical techniques are concerning given the long-term potential for postoperative metabolic bone disease. This study aims to investigate the variation...

    Authors: Reshi Suthakaran, Imeshi Indigahawela, Krinal Mori, Kiat Lim and Ahmad Aly

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:351

    Content type: Research

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  24. Lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) is still the approach of choice for the treatment of chronic anal fissure (CAF) regardless to the internal anal sphincter tone but it is burdened by high risk post-operati...

    Authors: Beatrice D’Orazio, Girolamo Geraci, Sebastiano Bonventre, Dario Calì and Gaetano Di Vita

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:350

    Content type: Research

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  25. To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new minimally-invasive surgical approach–anteromedial minimally-invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO)–in the treatment of middle and distal humeral shaft fractures.

    Authors: Jing Yang, Dapeng Liu, Lina Zhang, Zhanxin Lu, Tang Liu and Cheng Tao

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:349

    Content type: Research

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  26. Postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) is associated with not only prolonged hospital stay and increased medical costs, but also poor prognosis in esophageal cancer. Several studies have addressed the utility ...

    Authors: Atsushi Sugimoto, Takahiro Toyokawa, Yuichiro Miki, Mami Yoshii, Tatsuro Tamura, Katsunobu Sakurai, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Shigeru Lee, Kazuya Muguruma, Masakazu Yashiro and Masaichi Ohira

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:348

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  27. Bronchogenic cyst is congenital aberration of bronchopulmonary malformation, which is rarely encountered in the abdomen and retroperitoneum. We present a case report and literature review of retroperitoneal br...

    Authors: Kaitao Yuan, Man Shu, Yan Ma, Weidong Feng, Jinning Ye and Yujie Yuan

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:347

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  29. Currently no optimal localization technique has been established for localization of ground glass opacity (GGO). We aimed to introduce a localization technique using geometric localization for peripheral GGO.

    Authors: Mengjun Bie, Xuemin Zhao, Min Zhang, Guang Fu and Mingjian Ge

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:345

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  30. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for the treatment of cholelithiasis in most countries of the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of LC in the surgery departme...

    Authors: Wais Farda, Mohammad Kamal Tani, Richard G. Manning, Mohammad Samim Fahmi and Nasratullah Barai

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:344

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  31. There is no consensus for when publicly funded breast reduction is indicated and recommendations in guidelines vary greatly, indicating a lack of evidence and unequal access. The primary aim of this review was...

    Authors: Emmelie Widmark-Jensen, Susanne Bernhardsson, Maud Eriksson, Håkan Hallberg, Christian Jepsen, Lennart Jivegård, Ann Liljegren, Max Petzold, Mikael Svensson, Fredrik Wärnberg and Emma Hansson

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:343

    Content type: Research

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  32. Fluid administration is a key tool in the maintenance of normovolemia in patients with cardiac surgery. The trials that evaluated the safety of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 in cardiac surgical patients...

    Authors: Ling Wei, Dongping Li and Lin Sun

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:342

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  33. The aims of the present study were to demonstrate the anatomical change of superior mesenteric vein (SMV) branches and to show how the Cattell Braasch maneuver facilitates a safer ligation of these venous bran...

    Authors: Masayuki Akita, Eri Maeda, Tohru Nishimura, Koichiro Abe, Akihito Kozuki, Kunio Yokoyama, Tomohiro Tanaka, Shinji Kishi and Kunihiko Kaneda

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:341

    Content type: Technical advance

    Published on:

  34. Subglottic paragangliomas (PGs) are exceptionally rare and unpredictable, occasionally presenting at an atypical location. There are three different clinical forms of subglottic PGs: intraluminal (tracheal PGs...

    Authors: Juanjuan Hu, Haiyang Wang, Jianli Chen, Xuelin Pan, Di Deng, Lufang Zhuo, Shixi Liu, Maiyue He, Fei Chen and Hui Yang

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:340

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. Management of bowel traumatic injuries is a challenge. Although anastomotic or suture leak remains a feared complication, preserving bowel continuity is increasingly the preferred strategy. The aim of this stu...

    Authors: Camille Tantardini, Gaëlle Godiris-Petit, Séverine Noullet, Mathieu Raux, Fabrice Menegaux and Nathalie Chereau

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:339

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score has been widely used to evaluate the nutritional and immunological status. Clinical value of postoperative CONUT (PoCONUT) score in hepatocellular carcinoma (HC...

    Authors: Wei Peng, Minghong Yao, Kang Zou, Chuan Li, Tianfu Wen and Xin Sun

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:338

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is the preferred choice for treating clavicle fractures. The brachial plexus injury caused by ORIF of a clavicle fracture is very rare. If it is not treated in time,...

    Authors: Zhenyu Cao, Yufei Hou, Xiaochen Su, Menghao Teng, Wenchen Ji and Meng Li

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:337

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  38. To Explore the perioperative application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and negative-pressure wound therapy in the elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

    Authors: Han-rong Liu, Ping Yang, Song Han, Yu Zhang and Hui-yin Zhu

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:336

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. The coexistence of primary hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common and may be associative with more aggressive PTC, with higher rates of extrathyroidal extension and multicentricity...

    Authors: Junhao Ma, Zhuochao Mao, Yunjin Yao, Yimin Lu, Haohao Wang, Yan Yang, Jun Yang, Weibin Wang and Lisong Teng

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:335

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. Definitions of postoperative hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) have never reached consent until the American Thyroid Association (ATA) statement was released, with new characteristics and challenges.

    Authors: Yuxuan Qiu, Zhichao Xing, Yuan Fei, Yuanfan Qian, Yan Luo and Anping Su

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:334

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  41. An open abdomen with frozen adherent bowels is classified as grade 4 in Björck’s open abdomen classification, and skin grafting after wound granulation is a typical closure option. We achieved delayed primary ...

    Authors: Yoshimasa Akashi, Koichi Ogawa, Kaoru Sasaki, Jaejeong Kim, Tsuyoshi Enomoto, Katsuji Hisakura, Yusuke Ohara, Yohei Owada, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Osamu Shimomura, Shinji Hashimoto, Mitsuru Sekido and Tatsuya Oda

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:333

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  42. Lumbar hernia is caused by a defect in the abdominal wall. Due to its rarity, there is no established consensus on optimal treatment for lumbar hernia yet. Thus, we here investigated the clinical, surgical cha...

    Authors: Chaoyong Shen, Guixiang Zhang, Sen Zhang, Yuan Yin, Bo Zhang, Yinghan Song and Wenzhang Lei

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:332

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. The effect of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for acute Type B aortic has been confirmed, However, when patients with malignant disease suffer from acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD), the effec...

    Authors: Taiping Liang, Hongqiao Zhu, Lei Zhang, Shuangshuang Li, Xiaomin He, Kaiwen Zhao, Zaiping Jing and Jian Zhou

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:330

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  45. Mediastinal lymph node metastases (MLNM) are not rare in thyroid cancer, but their treatment has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to explore the preliminary application of video mediastinoscopy-a...

    Authors: Yuntao Song, Liang Dai, Guohui Xu, Tianxiao Wang, Wenbin Yu, Keneng Chen and Bin Zhang

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:329

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  46. Primary intrahepatic bile duct dilatation can be very harmful to patients although it belongs to benign biliary disease. It can occur in any part of the liver, intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) guid...

    Authors: Ming-chun Lai, Lei Geng, Shu-sen Zheng and Jun-fang Deng

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:328

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  48. Retroperitoneal vascular leiomyosarcoma (RVLMS) is an extremely rare disease in clinical practice, and it has poor prognosis. This article is to explore the diagnosis and treatment of RVLMS and present our exp...

    Authors: Hong-xian Zhang, Kai Wang, Peng Hong, Min Lu, Zhuo Liu, Lei Liu, Guo-liang Wang and Lu-lin Ma

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:326

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  49. The relationship between chronological nutritional changes and development of fatty liver after total gastrectomy (TG) in gastric cancer (GC) patients is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate relationshi...

    Authors: Naohiko Nakamura, Shinichi Kinami, Jun Fujita, Daisuke Kaida, Yasuto Tomita, Takashi Miyata, Tomoharu Miyashita, Hideto Fujita, Nobuhiko Ueda and Hiroyuki Takamura

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:325

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  50. Three-dimensional reduction plays a vital role in surgical reduction of irreversible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD). However, the most commonly used combination of C1 pedicle screw (PS) or lateral mass screw ...

    Authors: Shengyuan Zhou, Bo Yuan, Weicong Liu, Yifan Tang, Xiongsheng Chen and Lianshun Jia

    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:324

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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