Figure 7
Scheme of the therapeutic approach proposed for transmural migration of gossypiboma into gastrointestinal system. For patients with gossypiboma transmurally migrated into gastrointestinal system, endoscopic removal could be attempted if there was no emergent conditions such as active GI bleeding, obstruction, or intra-abdominal sepsis. If the endoscopy fails to retrieve the gossypiboma and the patient is symptomatic, surgical intervention is indicated. For asymptomatic patients after unsuccessful endoscopic extraction, conservative treatment with close observation can be considered.