Table 2 (Orthopedic-Urologic-Gynecologic-Thoracic) Surgery
From: Ability to predict surgical outcomes by surgical Apgar score: a systematic review
NO | Author(s) | Year | Type of study | Type of surgery | Number of patients | Article Findings | Surgical Apgar score | Main outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sanja Sakan [53] | 2015 | Cohort study | Hip fracture surgery | 43 | The SAS was a noteworthy indicator for estimate the 30—days major surgical outcomes real feedback data about post-surgery danger can be provided in the operating theatre using the SAS | SAS ≤ 4 (A) | • A: ICU length of stay • postoperative bleeding • cardiac arrest • myocardial infarction • deep venous thrombosis • pulmonary embolism • stroke • unplanned intubation • mechanical ventilation • pneumonia • Sepsis • septic shock • acute renal failure • B:SAS wasn’t able to predict 30 days and 6month mortality |
2 | Christian Wied [54] | 2016 | Retrospective observational cohort study | Trans tibial amputation or trans femoral amputation | 170 | SAS is directly associated considering the development of complications following Trans femoral amputation. this score is specifically helpful when patients are split into high and low-risk classes SAS model doesn’t have any predictive importance in the trans tibial amputation | SAS < 7(Trans femoral) | • Death • Bleeding • Sepsis • Acute myocardial infarction/acute heart failure • Acute renal failure • Pneumonia • Stroke • Pulmonary embolism |
3 | Thomas H. Wuerz [55] | 2011 | Retrospective cohort | Hip and knee arthroplasty | 3236 | SAS couldn’t provide any sufficient data about complication of surgery in patients | Not applicable | • Can’t predict |
4 | William D. Stoll [56] | 2016 | Retrospective longitudinal cohort | Kidney transplant | 204 | Patient and surgical risk can be assessed by SAS through providing utility within kidney transplantation | SAS ≤ 7 | • Risk of ICU admission • Cost of hospitalization • Hospital Readmission • A history of stroke • ICU admission following transplant • high hospital costs |
5 | Atsushi Kotera [57] | 2018 | Retrospective study | Femoral neck surgeries | 506 | This score is a helpful device for assessing post-surgical outcomes in people who have undergone a femoral neck procedure SAS in combination with ASA 3 or with significant risk factors was remarkably able to estimate post-surgical outcomes | SAS ≤ 6 | • Pneumonia • Venous thrombus • Surgical site infection • Postoperative heart failure • Sepsis, Stroke • Bleeding • Acute myocardial infarction |
6 | Timothy Ito [58] | 2015 | Prospective study | Radical or partial nephrectomy | 886 | The SAS can recognize patients at higher danger for main outcomes and dying after renal lump incision | SAS ≤ 4 | • hemorrhage • cardiac events • pulmonary events • pneumonia • unplanned intubation • Stroke • wound disruption |
7 | MatthiasOrberger [59] | 2017 | Retrospective study | Radical prostatectomy | 994 | SAS was not associated with Negative outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic transperitoneal radical prostatectomy | SAS = 7 | • Cardiopulmonal • Thrombembolic • Surgical site Infection • Bleeding • Prolonged Catheterization |
8 | Farhan Haroon [60] | 2021 | Prospective observational study | Hip fractures | 150 | SAS showed trust feedback data about the patient’s postoperative danger during the hip fractures surgery | SAS ≤ 4 | • Pulmonary and cardiac complications • Unable to predict kidney complications |
9 | Masato Hayashi [61] | 2019 | Retrospective observational study | Trans thoracic esophagectomy | 190 | SAS can predict postoperative tolls transthoracic esophagectomy surgery | SAS <  | • Anastomotic leakage • respiratory and cardiac complication • nerve palsy • chylothorax |
10 | Akihiro Nagoya [62] | 2022 | Retrospective study | Lung resection | 585 | This score was an insignificant risk factor for lung cancer | SAS < 7 A: (short-term outcomes) SAS < 7 B: (long-term outcomes) | • A: Cardiopulmonary • Myocardial infarction • Prolonged air leak • Pneumonia • Nerve palsy • Postoperative bleeding • Empyema • Chylothorax • Atelectasis • Airway stenosis • Respiratory failure • ARDS) َAdult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) • Bronchial fistula • Pulmonary edema • Pleural effusion • Surgical site infection • Delirium • Stroke • Gastrointestinal • B: disease-free survival, overall survival rate |
11 | Kojiro Eto [63] | 2016 | Prospective study | Esophagectomy | 399 | The SAS is taken into account as beneficial in predicting the post-surgical morbidities development after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer | SAS < 5 | • Pulmonary complication • cardiovascular morbidities • anastomotic leakage • anastomotic strictures • surgical site infection • morbidity |
12 | Danica N. Giugliano [64] | 2017 | Prospective study | Esophagectomy | 212 | This score is a considerable predictor of outcomes and hospitalization time for patients who underwent esophagectomy | SAS (1–2 or 3–4) (Group A) SAS ≤ 2 (B) SAS (0–2) (C) | • (Group A) = Arrhythmia, respiratory complications, Pneumonia, sepsis, UTI, Chylothorax • B = anastomotic leak • C = length of stay in hospital |
13 | Makoto Yamamoto [65] | 2021 | Retrospective cohort study | Gynecological cancer surgery | 173 | ability to predict post-surgical outcomes and mortality among 1 year | SAS ≤ 6 | • Post-operative major complication • Death within1year • Post-operative intensive care |
14 | Kazumi Kurata [66] | 2017 | Retrospective study | Gynecological Surgeries (non-laparoscopic surgeries) | 68 | The indication of solemn dangerous outcomes in geriatric gynecological within 30 days | AS ≤ 6 | • Gastrointestinal anastomotic failure • ureteral fistula • hemorrhagic shock • circulatory failure • heart failure • pleural effusion |
15 | Geetu Bhandoria [67] | 2020 | Prospective observational study | Gynecologic oncological surgeries | 100 | Prediction complications who those underwent oncological procedures | SAS ≤ 5 | • Cardiac dysfunction • Neurological dysfunction • Gastrointestinal and renal dysfunction |
16 | Geetu Bhandoria [68] | 2017 | Rct | Surgery for gynecological malignancies | 100 | Low SAS prominent is associated with morbidity in women experiencing gynecological malignancies surgery | SAS ≤ 5 | • DVT • Incomplete wound dehiscence • Post operation ventilator support Reoperation |
17 | Rachel M. Clark [69] | 2015 | Retrospective cohort study | Hysterectomy surgery | 632 | Low Surgical Apgar Score unable to estimate which patients will have postoperative tolls | SAS ≤ 4 | • Re operation • Fistula • Anastomotic leak • Pulmonary embolism • Bowel obstruction • Urinary injury • Nerve Injury • Vascular injury • Unplanned ICU admission • Death • Hospital stay • Readmission |
18 | Nakagawa, A [70] | 2017 | Retrospective study | Esophagectomy | 400 | SAS was beneficial in predicting short and long term complications after esophagectomy | SAS ≤ 5 | • Mortality • Pneumonia • gastric conduit necrosis • gastrointestinal anastomotic leak • bronchial fistula • acute ischemic heart disease • subarachnoid hemorrhage • lower survival rate |
|  | Julio Urrutia [13] | 2012 | Prospective study | general orthopaedic surgery | 723 | 30-day main outcomes after orthopedic procedure were not predicted by SAS | Not applicable | • Can’t predict |
20 | Sandip M. Prasad [71] | 2009 | Retrospective study | Radical Cystectomy | 155 | Death in those who underwent radical cystectomy can be predicted by the SAS | Not applicable | • Not applicable |
21 | Amy C. S. Pearson [72] | 2017 | Retrospective Study | Liver Transplantation | 628 | This score predicted morbidity and mortality after liver transplant | Not applicable | • Death or any severe complication • Sepsis • Reintubation • New dialysis • Seizure • Myocardial infarction • Stroke • Pulmonary embolus • Death • Postoperative cardiac arrest |
22 | SIMON STRØYER [73] | 2017 | Retrospective Study | Ivor–Lewis Esophagectomy | 234 | SAS could not predict adverse outcomes | Not applicable | • Can’t predict |