Table 2 Intraoperative and pathological characteristics of patients who were diagnosed with rectal cancer in Sweden 2012–2018 and underwent surgical resection MIS vs OPEN

Surgical resection

 < 0.001

 Anterior resection

1,928 (53.5)

2,791 (47.6)

 Abdominoperineal resection

1,388 (38.5)

2,260 (38.5)

 Hartmann's procedure

284 (7.9)

812 (13.8)

 Diverting ileostomy^a

1,420 (73.7)

2,229 (80.0)

 < 0.001

 MIS converted to open

523 (14.5)

n/a

 missing

6 (0.2)

n/a

 Operating time in minutes, median (IQR)

333.5 (252.5, 414.5)

277.0 (190.5, 363.5)

 < 0.001

 missing

22 (0.6)

61 (1.0)

 Intraoperative bleeding in ml, median (IQR)

100 (25.0, 175.0)

350(300.0, 400.0)

 < 0.001

 missing

104 (2.9)

113 (1.9)

 Perforation

132 (3.7)

301 (5.1)

0.001

 perforations close to tumour

61 (1.7)

158 (2.7)

0.134

T-stage (yp/pT^b)

 < 0.001

 T0

124 (3.5)

224 (3.9)

 T1

363 (10.2)

435 (7.5)

 T2

1,157 (32.6)

1,560 (26.9)

 T3

1,765 (49.7)

3,011 (52.0)

 T4

140 (3.9)

562 (9.7)

 missing

52 (1.4)

71 (1.2)

Nodal status (yp/pN^c)

0.001

 N0

2,237 (62.1)

3,459 (59.0)

 N1

948 (26.3)

1,601 (27.3)

 N2

360 (10.0)

724 (12.3)

 missing

56 (1.5)

79 (1.3)

yp/pTNM^d

 < 0.001

 I

1,095 (30.4)

1,518 (25.9)

 II

868 (24.1)

1,572 (26.8)

 III

1,144 (31.7)

1,934 (33.0)

 IV

139 (3.9)

506 (8.6)

 missing

355 (9.8)

333 (5.7)

 Tumour deposit

475 (13.2)

921 (15.7)

 < 0.001

 missing

148 (4.1)

470 (8.0)

 Vascular invasion – yes

920 (25.5)

1,514 (25.8)

0.927

 missing

145 (4.0)

157 (2.7)

 Perineural invasion – yes

671 (18.6)

1,116 (19.0)

0.700

 missing

146 (4.0)

213 (3.6)

 Cancer differentiation – high grade

440 (12.2)

813 (13.9)

0.001

 missing

287 (8.0)

754 (12.9)