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Table 7 Intraoperative and pathological characteristics of patients who were diagnosed with rectal cancer in Sweden 2012–2018 and underwent surgical resection MIS vs OPEN

From: Short-term results in a population based study indicate advantage for minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery versus open

 

LAP

ROBOT

OPEN

p-value

 

N = 1,383

N = 1,867

N = 3,797

 

Surgical resection

 < 0.001

 Anterior resection

730 (52.8)

1,018 (54.5)

1,704 (44.9)

 

 Abdominoperineal resection

536 (38.8)

696 (37.3)

1,529 (40.3)

 

 Hartmann's procedure

117 (8.4)

153 (8.2)

564 (14.9)

 

Diverting ileostomya

526 (72.0)

781 (76.7)

1,346 (79.0)

 < 0.001

MIS converted to open

256 (18.5)

201 (10.7)

n/a

 < 0.001

Missing

4 (0.3)

2 (0.1)

n/a

 

Operating time in minutes, median (IQR)

309.0

(229.0, 389.0)

354.0

(275.5, 432.5)

288.0

(197.0, 379.0)

 < 0.001

Missing

13 (0.9)

7 (0.4)

18 (0.5)

 

Intraoperative bleeding in ml, median (IQR)

100.0

(15.0, 185.0)

100.0

(25.0, 175.0)

350.0

(125.0, 575.0)

 < 0.001

Missing

35 (2.5)

37 (2.0)

72 (1.9)

 

Perforation

42 (3.0

76 (4.1)

200 (5.3)

0.001

Perforations close to tumour

14 (1.0)

39 (2.1)

110 (2.9)

0.023

T-stage (yp/pTb)

 < 0.001

 T0

37 (2.7)

75 (4.0)

154 (4.0)

 

 T1

140 (10.1)

188 (10.0)

271 (7.1)

 

 T2

426 (30.8)

605 (32.4)

981 (25.8)

 

 T3

713 (51.5)

885 (47.4)

1,910 (50.3)

 

 T4

49 (3.5)

84 (4.5)

418 (11.0)

 

 missing

19 (1.4)

30 (1.6)

63 (1.6)

 

Nodal status (yp/pNc)

0.022

 N0

864 (62.4)

1,138 (60.9)

2,222 (58.5)

 

 N1

350 (25.3)

519 (27.8)

1,066 (28.0)

 

 N2

151 (10.9)

177 (9.4)

443 11.6)

 

 missing

19 (1.4)

33 (1.8)

66 (1.7)

 

yp/pTNMd

 < 0.001

 I

402 (29.1)

565 (30.3)

946 (24.9)

 

 II

240 (17.3)

436 (23.3)

1,015 (26.7)

 

 III

417 (30.1)

625 (33.5)

1,233 (32.5)

 

 IV

55 (4.0)

71 (3.8)

336 (8.8)

 

Missing

170 (12.3)

170 (9.1)

267 (7.0)

 

Tumour deposit

165 (11.9)

276 (14.3)

652 (17.1)

 < 0.001

Missing

45 (3.2)

59 (3.1)

179 (4.7)

 

Vascular invasion—yes

303 (21.9)

550 (29.4)

1,029 (27.1)

 < 0.001

Missing

53 (

81 (4.3)

129 (3.4)

 

Perineural invasion—yes

263 (19.0)

353 (18.9)

800 (21.1)

0.110

Missing

51 (3.7)

78 (4.2)

129 (3.4)

 

Cancer differentiation—high grade

159 (11.5)

258 (13.8)

526 (13.8)

0.017

Missing

81 (5.9)

156 (8.3)

389 (10.2)

 
  1. Data expressed as No. with percentage given as percentage of column displayed within brackets unless otherwise indicated
  2. aPercentage of low anterior resection with diverting ileostomy
  3. bStage describing the depth of tumour invasion
  4. cStage describing nodal involvement
  5. dPathological classification of malignant tumors
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