Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and surgical characteristics according to survival at 24 months of follow-up Two-years survival status

Age (y), median (IQR)

90.00 (8.00)

90.00 (8.00)

92.00 (6.50)

0.019*

Sex, n (%)

 Female

 Male

82 (56.94)

62 (43.05)

60 (56.07)

47 (43.92)

22 (59.45)

15 (40.54)

0.720

Body mass index (kg/m²), median (IQR)

24.20 (4.51)

24.29 (4.63)

24.00 (5.12)

0.651*

ASA classification, n (%)

 1

 2

 3

 4

2 (1.38)

62 (43.05)

74 (51.38)

6 (4.16)

2 (1.86)

54 (50.46)

47 (43.92)

4 (3.73)

0 (0.00)

8 (21.62)

27 (72.97)

2 (5.40)

0.013

Comorbidity, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

 Arterial hypertension

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 Chronic kidney disease

 Cardiovascular disease

 Liver disease

27 (18.75)

108 (75.00)

37 (25.69)

19 (13.19)

32 (22.22)

3 (2.08)

18 (16.82)

80 (74.76)

28 (26.16)

13 (12.14)

19 (17.75)

2 (1.86)

9 (24.32)

28 (75.67)

9 (24.32)

6 (16.21)

13 (35.13)

1 (2.70)

0.314

0.912

0.825

0.529

0.028

0.760

Charlson comorbidity index,

median (IQR)

6.00 (2.00)

6.00 (2.00)

6.00 (1.00)

0.067*

Anticoagulants agents, n (%)

13 (9.02)

8 (7.47)

5 (13.51)

0.269

Antiplatelet agents, n (%)

32 (22.22)

23 (21.49)

9 (24.32)

0.721

Preoperative laboratories, median (IQR)

 Leukocytes (x10³)

 Hemoglobin (mg/dL)

 Bilirubins (mg/dL)

 Alkaline phosphatase (mg/dL)

 Aspartate aminotransferase (mg/dL)

 Alanine aminotransferase (mg/dL)

11.9 (3.37)

13.70 (2.65)

1.20 (1.78)

150.00 (148.50)

33.50 (75.50)

40.00 (106.75)

11.90 (6.90)

13.80 (2.60)

1.20 (1.73)

150.00 (140.00)

32.00 (102.00)

40.00 (106)

11.30 (6.45)

13.00 (3.60)

1.20 (1.94)

150.00 (183.50)

36.00 (60.00)

36.00 (106.50)

0.488*

0.010*

0.863*

0.443*

0.619*

0.389*

Bile duct diameter, (mm) median (IQR)

4.00 (4.00)

5.00 (4.00)

4.00 (2.50)

0.111*

Indication of surgical procedure, n (%)

 Biliary colic

 Pancreatitis

 Choledocholithiasis

 Acute cholecystitis

21 (14.58)

24 (16.66)

44 (30.55)

89 (61.80)

19 (17.75)

17 (11.88)

34 (31.77)

60 (56.07)

2 (5.40)

7 (18.91)

10 (27.02)

29 (78.37)

0.670

0.589

0.016

Classification of severity of cholecystitis, n (%)

 I

 II

 III

11 (7.63)

32 (22.22)

46 (31.94)

6 (56.07)

23 (21.49)

31 (28.97)

5 (13.51)

9 (24.32)

15 (40.54)

0.069

Preoperative ERCP, n (%)

 No

 Yes

92 (63.88)

52 (36.11)

67 (62.61)

40 (37.38)

25 (67.56)

12 (32.43)

0.589

Type of admission, n (%)

 Elective

 Delayed

 Emergency

9 (6.25)

126 (87.50)

9 (6.25)

8 (7.47)

95 (88.78)

4 (3.73)

1 (2.70)

31 (83.78)

5 (13.51)

0.071

History of cholecystostomy, n (%)

 No

 Yes

139 (96.52)

5 (3.47)

105 (98.13)

2 (1.86)

34 (91.89)

3 (8.10)

0.074

Time from admission to surgical procedure (days), median (IQR)

6.00 (6.50)

6.00 (6.00)

8.00 (6.50)

0.107*

Preoperative risk scale for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy, median (IQR)

9.00 (5.00)

8.00 (6.00)

0.013*

Intraoperative findings according to Nassar scale

 1

 2

 3

 4

 5

36 (25.00)

33 (22.91)

23 (15.97)

24 (16.66)

28 (19.44)

28 (26.16)

24 (22.42)

17 (15.88)

19 (17.75)

19 (17.75)

8 (21.62)

9 (24.32)

6 (16.21)

5 (13.51)

9 ((24.32)

0.882